Tuesday, June 26, 2007

Aung San Suu Kyi

A Noble Price for Peace Aung San Suu Kyi is a peace activist and leader of the National League for Democracy in Myanmar. She was held under house arrest for six years without a trial or indictment by the ruling military regime. She became internationally known for her "Freedom from Fear" speech. She was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1991. Aung San Suu Kyi (pronounced Aung Sawn Sue Chee) was born the third child to General Aung San, commander of the Burma Independence Army, and Ma Khin Kyi, senior nurse of Rangoon General Hospital. General Aung San negotiated the independence of Burma from the United Kingdom in 1947. He was assassinated later that year. In 1960, Khin Kyi was appointed Burmese ambassador to India under the new Burmese government. Suu Kyi's eldest brother, Aung San Lin, is a U.S. resident. Her second-eldest brother, Aung San U, drowned in a pool accident when she was eight. Growing up, Suu Kyi studied at English Catholic Schools in Rangoon. She attended high school at the Lady Shri Ram College in New Delhi and graduated in 1964. Following, she received her bachelors of arts degree in philosophy, politics, and economics from St. Hugh's College, Oxford University in 1967. She then went to New York for graduate school where she interrupted her studies to work for the United Nations as assistant secretary and on the advisory committee on administrative and budgetary questions. On evenings and weekends she volunteered at a hospital as a companion for impoverished patients. Before her return to Rangoon, Suu Kyi published a biography of her father's life,"Aung San," in Leaders of Asia series of University of Queensland Press (1984). Followed by, "Socio-Political Currents in Burmese Literature, 1910 - 1940" (1987), published in a Tokyo University journal. She also wrote a child's book, Let's Visit Burma (1985), as well as books on Nepal and Bhutan for Burke Publishing Company in London.In 1987 Suu Kyi enrolled at the London School of Oriental and African Studies to complete her graduate studies. In 1988 Suu Kyi returned to Myanmar upon news of her mother's stroke. Simultaneously, General Ne Win, leader of the socialist ruling party, military dictator since 1962, stepped down on July 23rd. There were mass demonstrations throughout the country. On August 8th violent suppression by the military led to thousands of deaths. On August 15th Suu Kyi wrote a letter to the government asking for the formation of an independent committee to facilitate multi-party elections. The new ruling authority became the military faction referred to as "military junta". On August 26th she addressed the public for the first time. Her speech "Freedom from Fear" was heard by several hundred thousand, calling for a democratic government. In 1988 Suu Kyi co-founded the National League for Democracy (NLD). Despite government prohibition of political gatherings of more than four, Suu Kyi gave speeches for democracy throughout Myanmar. At the end of the year, her mother died.On September 18, 1988 the military established itself as State Law and Order Restoration Council (SLORC) and, in 1989, changed the name of the country from the "Union of Burma" to the "Union of Myanmar". Also, in 1989 Suu Kyi was banned from participating in the elections and was put under house arrest without charge or trial. During the arrest she was found by her husband on the third day of her hunger strike asking to be sent to prison with other students arrested at her home. She joined the students in prison and negotiated their fair treatment.Suu Kyi was offered freedom on conditions she leave the country. She chose to stay. On May 27 1990, Suu Kyi's party, NLD, won the general elections with 82% of the seats in parliament. SLORC refused to recognize the results. On July 10, 1991, she was awarded in absentia, the 1990 Sakharov Prize, a human rights prize of the European Parliament. August 10, 1991, she was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize. In 1992 she established a health and education trust with the $1.3 million Nobel Peace prize money. In 2000 she was awarded "The Freedom of the City" honor in Ireland. In December 2000 then-president Bill Clinton honored Suu Kyi the Presidential Medal of Freedom award. In 1991 Freedom from Fear was published by Penguin in New York, England, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand.Than Shwe replaced General Saw Maung on April 23, 1992 and is at present the leader of Myanmar.Suu Kyi is a devout buddhist and proponent of Mahatma Gandhi's philosophy of non-violence. On January 21, 1994 Suu Kyi received her first non-family visitors since her arrest of which included US Congressman Bill'>http://www.mondostars.com/politics/billrichardson.html">Bill Richardson, a New York Times reporter and a UN representative. On July 10, 1995 the SLORC released Suu Kyi after six years of house arrest. Despite being taken off house arrest the government continued to oppress Suu Kyi, the NLD party and movement towards democracy. Suu Kyi continues to lead the NLD party. In 1996, 218 party affiliates were detained before a party conference. Suu Kyi has been taken into custody for short periods, her home raided and documents seized, with the military blocking or seizing her car when she attempts to travel. Commercial activity in Myanmar has ceased for Pepsi, travel agent Kuoni, underwear maker Triumph, UK oil explorer Premier. U.S. oil corporation Unocal remains. Officials and Nobel Laureates from around the world have attempted to interceded on Suu Kyi's behalf for her release. In 2003 Jimmy'>http://www.mondostars.com/politics/jimmycarter.html">Jimmy Carter called on Myanmar's military junta for her release and in 2004 Colin'>http://www.mondostars.com/politics/collinpowell.html">Colin Powell suggested continued sanctions on Myanmar. President'>http://www.mondostars.com/politics/georgewbush.html">President George W. Bushsigned into law the Burmese Freedom and Democracy Act which bars imports from Myanmar. SLORC changed its name to the State Peace and Development Council; however, its repressive policies continue to violate human rights. Suu Kyi discourages outside financial support of Myanmar in all forms including, tourism and business investments, until the country is free. Suu Kyi married Michael Aris in 1972. They had two sons, Alexander (1973) and Kim (1977). Aris died of prostate cancer in 1999. He was denied his last request to visit Suu Kyi; it had been four years since he last saw her.Aung San Suu Kyi Vital StatisticsAge:62Born:June 19, 1945Star Sign:GeminiEducation:Hugh's College, Oxford University (B.A.)Nationality:MyanmarBirthplace:Rangoon, BurmaWeb Site:Aung San Suu Kyi onlineMedia:American political media,Myanmar news media Most Popular Stars This WeekSee'>http://www.mondostars.com/stars.html">See all the Mondo Stars1. Paris'>http://www.mondostars.com/entertainment/parishilton.html">Paris Hilton2. Queen'>http://www.mondostars.com/politics/queenelizabethII.html">Queen Elizabeth II3. George'>http://www.mondostars.com/politics/georgewbush.html">George W. Bush4. Jon'>http://www.mondostars.com/news/jonstewart.html">Jon Stewart5. Tony'>http://www.mondostars.com/politics/tonyblair.html">Tony Blair6. Pope'>http://www.mondostars.com/religion/popebenedictxvi.html">Pope Benedict XVI7. Tony'>http://www.mondostars.com/news/tonysnow.html">Tony Snow8. Aung'>http://www.mondostars.com/politics/aungsansuukyi.html">Aung San Suu Kyi9. Rupert'>http://www.mondostars.com/business/rupertmurdoch.html">Rupert Murdoch10. Evo'>http://www.mondostars.com/politics/evomorales.html">Evo Morales ******************************************************

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